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Takigami, Machiko*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Hiroki, Akihiro; Kasai, Noboru; Yoshii, Fumio; Tamada, Masao; Takigami, Shoji*; Shibata, Takuya*; Aketagawa, Yasushi*; Ozaki, Masuo*
Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 35(3), p.647 - 650, 2010/09
There are many livestock farmers in Gunma Prefecture. Many of the farms are located under Mt. Akagi and Haruna, which attract tourists. Furthermore, rivers around the mountains are source of water supply to metropolitan area. Therefore, the waste treatments are very important. Regulations of smell and COD (chemical oxygen demand) are severe in Gunma Prefecture. Although there is no regulation for color of drain water, color in secondary treated water from livestock urine waste has been one of the major concerns for livestock farmers. The color is a metabolite of microorganisms and not easy to be removed. People have tried to remove the color by ozone treatment, absorption using activated carbon or soils. An absorbent was prepared by radiation grafting; fibers were irradiated with 
Co 
-rays and some kinds of monomers were grafted onto the fibers. The absorbent thus prepared were used to decolorize the secondary treated water. The color and COD were removed by the absorbent, however, COD removal was more difficult than decolorization. Degree of grafting (weight increase expressed in % by grafting reaction to initial weight of the fiber), treated water/absorbent ratio, flow rate of treated water, and direction of flow affected color and COD removal. The used absorbent could be used repeatedly after washing.
thin filmYoneda, Yasuhiro; Tanida, Hajime*; Takagaki, Masafumi*; Uruga, Tomoya*
Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 35(1), p.99 - 102, 2010/03
Depth dependency of local structure of SrTiO thin film was investigated by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). In epitaxial thin films, a large strain exists between substrates and grown films. The expitaxial strain is the largest in the interface and it is relaxed as parting from the substrate. The lattice parameter of the grown film changes depending on the lattice strain. We performed depth-resolved XAFS measurements on SrTiO thin film grown on LaAlO substrate. The depth-resolved XAFS can extract the local structures around the surface and inner regions separately. It was clarified that the bond distance between Sr and O changed greatly depending on the depth. On the other hand, the bond distance between Sr and Ti unchanged.
Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Komura, Yoshiki*; Suzuki, Yoshio*
Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 35(1), p.103 - 106, 2010/03
A careful observation on X-ray diffraction in the ferroelectric crystals such as BaTiO reveals that a new physical picture of the ferroelectric transition in these crystals may rather be regarded as an order-disorder transition. A strong local order in the disordered phase is a characteristic feature. The model gives natural interpretation of the occurrence of a micro cluster phase in the phase transition to explain the existence of the central peak. We also observed the micro cluster phase just behind the phase transition temperature in the tetragonal phase.
Na
Li
)TiOFukunaga, Masanori; Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Fukuyama, Ryota*; Saito, Hiroyuki; Ikeda, Naoshi*; Katayama, Yoshinori
Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 35(1), p.111 - 114, 2010/03
High-pressure synthesis of bismuth based perovskite (BiNaLi)TiO (BNLT) (
=0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.4, 0.5) was demonstrated. Single phase BNLTs with perovskite structure were successfully synthesized for 
0.1 by the solid state reaction method. The solid phase reaction occurred in the pressure range of 6-10 GPa, and in the temperature range of 800-1200 
C. Two thermal anomalies were observed in single phase perovskite BNLT (=0.1) as well as (Bi,Na)TiO. The cusp like anomaly at 210 C was assigned to a rhombohedral-tetragonal structural phase transition. The finished products of 
0.2 included three kinds of impurities, which were affected by the selection of starting materials.
O
(R=rare earths)Yoshii, Kenji; Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Ikeda, Naoshi*; Matsuo, Yoji*; Hoshiyama, Takuya*; Horibe, Yoichi*; Mori, Shigeo*
no journal, ,
We have investigated the Fe-site substitution effects in the electronic ferroelectric RFeO (R=rare earths). It was found that continuous solid solutions were formed for the Mn substitution; RFe
Mn
O was synthesized for 0
x1. On the other hand, the substitution of other cations (such as Cu and Ga) was possible in limited x regions; e.g., Ga could be substituted for 0x0.4-0.5 It was also found that the low-temperature magnetization and the dielectric constant were reduced by the substitution. Considering the mechanism of dielectric response in RFeO, the change of the physical properties likely arises from a change of electron transfer between the Fe-site ions.
Yoshimura, Kimio; Sugimoto, Masaki; Yoshikawa, Masahito
no journal, ,
Polycarbosilane (PCS) polymer with the chelated nickel or palladium was synthesized by the radiation-graft polymerization method. It was found that radicals induced in PCS polymers by electron beam irradiation behave as the sites of graft reaction between PCS polymer and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and the degree of graft polymerization was observed to be in proportion to the absorbed dose. After the chelate group was produced in the polymer chain derived from GMA by the reaction with diethylenetriamine, nickel or palladium was introduced into the chelate groups by soaking the solutions of corresponding metal salts. The obtained PCS polymer with the chelated nickel or palladium was fired at 973 K or 1373 K to produce silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics containing nickel or palladium and physical characteristics were measured by XRD, SEM and EDS analysis. As the results, it was found that nickel or palladium is isolated as fine metal grains on the SiC ceramics, i. e., the nickel grains are dispersed with carbon and palladium grains are cohesive on the surface of SiC ceramics.
Kaburaki, Hideo; Kadoyoshi, Tomoko; Itakura, Mitsuhiro; Yamaguchi, Masatake
no journal, ,
Owada, Kenji; Mizuki, Junichiro; Namikawa, Kazumichi*; Matsushita, Mitsuyoshi*; Shimomura, Susumu*; Nakao, Hironori*; Hirota, Kazuma*
no journal, ,
substrate by ion irradiationKawaguchi, Kazuhiro; Yoshimura, Kimio; Yamamoto, Shunya; Yoshikawa, Masahito; Takahiro, Katsumi*
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
